Additional features which are available with the 1.105 and 1.108 models include:

• Particle Counts from 1 to 2.000.000 particles/liter

• Particle Sizing in 8 (or 15) different channels

• Dust Mass Distribution determination

• Filter Efficiency determination

• Sample Collection on 47mm removable Teflon filter.

To insure safer conditions in the workplace international standards pertaining to Indoor-Air-Quality (IAQ) have already been agreed upon. For example, the standard guidelines for the maximal allowable dust concentration conditions during any given 8 hour work period are clearly defined in Europe under EN- 481 and internationally in ISO- 7708. The United States uses AIHA, and Japan the occupational health association both follow these very similar standards.

All GRIMM 1.100 dust monitors are capable of simultaneously measuring in real time, not only the Inhalable dust mass level, they also express the Thoracic and Alveolic dust masses at the same time. All these results can be obtained in parallel with one single unit.

The enhanced aerosol spectrometers from GRIMM are the world’s smallest family of battery operated portable units available on the today’s market. On the left side in the above photo you can see the model 1.108 with its 15 size channel count and mass distribution analyzer, on the right is the standard occupational analyzer and model 1.101 the standard Workplace monitor as outlined above. The 1.108 also have the data storage card along with the CD-ROM containing the GRIMM AEROSOL Software. We also provide you with a black leather carrying case for field use. 

Our world-wide proven portable dust monitors have an internal pulse-free sampling pump, internal data storage, a removable data storage card and large LCD display, all of which, are controlled via microprocessor. The unit can be operated via 9 command key buttons or controlled via PC with our software.

All monitors include our patented dual technology where we first measure the particle size and mass distribution in real time, generated through a scattered laser light, then permitting a validation/correlation by weighing the sampled dust collected on the integrated filter. This post-field correlation allows you to analyze if there is always the monitor functioning as it should.

All Portable GRIMM occupational dust monitors deliver single particle counts and size classifications in real time. 

(1) The air sample in form of various sized particles is constantly being drawn via a volume controlled pump (3+4) through a flat beam of light which is produced by a (6) focused laser diode (5). Each scattered signal generated crossing this beam is detected with a high speed photo diode (8), at 90° so the particle color changes can be neglected. This pulse is analyzed by an integrated pulse height analyzer (9) and is classified in 8 (or 15) different size ranges (10) and then counted. These counts or masses (per size range) are stored on the data storage card (11) and are displayed in intervals every six seconds (or minute) on your display (12) as:

• Single particle counts up to very high concentrations of 2,000,000 particles/liter without range change or dilution. In this mode the unit is mainly used as a single particle counter for grey rooms and for industrial process control.

• Dust Mass Distribution displaying results (like an impactor) in 8 (or 15) different size ranges from 0.001 up to 100mg/m 3 . 

• Occupational Dust Mass simultaneously displaying in accordance to EN standard mentioned at left the inhalable, thoracic and alveolic masses ranging from 0.001 to 100 mg/m 3 . 

• Instrument Performance data are also be written to the instrument's internal memory and are on hand from the removable data storage card. 

In addition a filter is incorporated (2) collecting ALL the measured dust, so that at any later date an appropriate density verification/correction is possible. This removable 47mm PTFE membrane filter is also the base for legal mass monitoring and is in accordance to many national and ISO standards.

The diagram above shows the concept of a typical GRIMM DUST MONITOR

Professional Dust Monitoring requires that the following conditions are taken into consideration:

• The sampling method (1) must be in accordance to the application to ensure proper collection and reproducibility, more details are outlined on page 5.

•Precision laser with high quality quartz collimators (6) must be present guaranteeing exact particle size identification in the15 different size variations at different temperatures.

• Accurate mass calculation via multiple particle sizing (µC), assuring precision in all modes. This eliminates the need for a size specific impactor or cyclone at the sample inlet.

• Contamination protection of the optical chamber through the presence of a continuous clean sheath of air at the optic. In order to avoid signal drift due to dust mass agglomeration inside, the instrument has a delayed start and stop cycle.

• Constant sample flow (3+4)at all times although the dust load on the filter permanently increases with time. The sample flow is fixed at 72 liters/hour and maintained by an internal flow controller.

• Vibration insensitive optical bench (5-7) system integrated in a rigid construction to assure the same accurate reading in the field.

• Remote data acquisition (11) via GSM modem card is available and enables data transmission via cellular and/or telephone land lines. (Not available in all countries).

• Low maintenance cost by use of standard commercial power and filters sources assuring "world-wide" field use! 

It may be necessary for some applications, to use a diluter, especially if dust concentration to be measured exceeds the concentration limit of the respective monitor. 




The picture above shows a 1:1 (also available as 10:1 or 100:1) diluter unit attached directly to the dust monitor (only for model 1.104 to 7.308).

The advantages of this type of diluter shown above are:

•Is very small and fits directly on the monitor,

• Does not need any extra power or air supply (and is therefore ideal for field use),

• Communicates directly with the monitor on RS-232 

• It is easy to maintain.

It is also possible to connect up to three additional analog sensors to one dust monitor, for example with our climatic sensors. Other sensors can be used, if the output of these sensors is:

• linear over the full range

•0 to 10 Volt

• utilize their own power supply.

The specific sensor offsets can be managed with our soft-ware. All sensor results obtained are stored with the perspective dust values at the same time on the data logger card. They are immediately available via RS-232 and can be graphically displayed in real time on a PC.

Often it is so that outdoor monitoring is required, for example in the mining industry or for factory fence control. In these events or if there is a need for long term outdoor monitoring, it is necessary to protect the monitor from heat/ frost and other hazards through the use of a sturdy weather resistant housing.

For this we recommend our special "all weather-housing" model (1.164 or 1.165) which can be easily mounted at a wall or platform. Simply place your monitor (model 1.104 to 1.108) into this housing and the monitor will remain protected and maintain room temperature at all times. The instrument operation, data acquisition and the software pro-gram remains unchanged.

The picture above shows the all weather housing, (model 1.165). The sampling tube is shown on the upper right side, the tempera-ture and humidity sensor can be seen on top of the left side.

Remember! Each dust monitor unit will all time see and count ALL particles present in the air. 

Should high humidity be present or expected, then the special housing with an integrated dehumidification system mo-del 1.165 will be required. Here an additional humidity sensor maintains the dew point at all times below conden-ation level (99% r.H). This type of housing has proven to be very effective in industrial facilities, highways, tunnels and is also used for environmental monitoring projects.

The picture at the left shows a dust monitor and gas sensors combined  in one carrying case.

Occupational Health

Our sampling inlet requirements comply to the „Johannes-burg Convention" and assure air flow rates similar to hu-man inhalation condition. Our open radial symetric sam-pling head has proven to compare well to this require-ment.  It is made completely of stainless steel and polished inside.

The complete 1.101 to 1.108 range of instrument can be used for monitoring the workplace. These units are desi-gned to be used:

• Over the Shoulder Strap to monitor dust levels while in motion, especially in larger production places and within hazardous dust areas.

• Trouble Shooting locate and pinpoint areas of excessive particulate emission, such as vaporization of coo-ling oil, so on and so forth. 

• For Resarch studies, mainly epidemiological, to deter-mine the dangerous particulate sizes and their concen-tration.

• Data Transfer It is possible to connect via GSM card a mobile (or fixed) telephone to the monitor, permitting remote ope-ration. Below a foto of such arrangement.

Industrial Applications

For Filter Efficiency testing with the isokinetic sampler (shown above) by taking test measurements "before and after" the filter. (For more details ask for our 7.000 FILTER TEST brochure).

Many dust related applications are intended for product improvements, shelf live increase, etc. such as:

• Food processing control for flower, milling, silos and the transportation of merchandise. 

• Animal housing control for livestock, etc., also in combination with NH3, (see picture page 4 left).

• Automobile Production for IAQ, aerosols and droplet control of cooling material etc..

• For Monitoring the Manufacturing Process of  pharmaceutical or hospital count concentration.

• For Bacterial Concentration correlation monitoring at waste deposits, especially food in plastics.

The below photo shows a 1.108 and one 8 step impactor attached to an airplane wing for „environmental" control.

We have developed our own 32-bit Software to manage all GRIMM’s 1.100 series Occupational Dust Monitors. The minimum requirement is a Pentium II Processor and WINDOWS 95. Our software allows manual settings for all the measurement parameters which are then stored on a chip directly in the dust monitor. All set-up phases are supported in our HELP and the TUTORIAL guide. Generally speaking, the program enables the user to set all operating parameters via specific driver logic such as:

• User Defined Operating Modes on the Monitor. Manual or Automated starting, (even remotely), pre-selectable alarm level, sampling location, optional sensor setting, to include as well the data display mode in the count or mass mode.

• The Start/Stop pre-selections and measurement intervals can be defined from 6 sec. to 60 min. (Optional 1 sec. intervals). Even the service data are be stored to be viewed at a later date. There is also full displayable protocol via PC of the entire performance (available at any time).

• The Control of the Monitor Performance is fully automated with a zero count test at the start. This is to include the sample air flow control, the filter presence and particle size range as well. There is even a battery power management and battery recharge logic.

• Automatic Climatic Control If used in conjunction with an "All Weather Housing System1.164". The user can set it up to automatic control of the integrated ventilation and heating system. This is even to include an inter-grated dehumidification system if model 1.165 is used.

Data Presentation Possibilities via PC

•Simultaneous reading of Inhalable, Thoracic and Alveolic values in Real Time 

• Simultaneous readings of EPA environmental PM10 and PM2.5 values in Real Time

• Particle size distributions in count modes of 8 (or 15) channels at same time (Available only with models 1.105 and 1.108) 

• Mass distribution in accumulative and differential mo-des in 8 (or 15) channels in µg/m3, all at same time. 

Above an example of 5 min. monitoring data with the 1.177 in the COUNT mode.

•Mean value of all three occupational modes,

• As a surface area by size range in m 2 /m 3 .

• Instrument’s recorded performance over a given period of time.

•Optional environmental sensors (such as temperature and humidity, wind-speed and air pressure).

• In various data formats such as ASCII code.

Data can also be read out without removing the instrument, simply be exchanging the data storage cards. Obtained results can be downloaded via the above shown No. 1.155 „CARD READER" directly into the PC.

Above an example of 105 min. monitoring data with the 1.174 in MASS distribution mode.

Below an example of 5 min. monitoring data with our 1.177 in OCCUPATIONAL mode.

• Keyboard: 10 key with protected membrane

• Key action:  Confirmed acoustic sound

• Keys: Date, time, location, C-Factor, alarm value selection, mode of measurement and battery capacity

• LCD Display:  2x16 characters

•Presentation:  Results updated every six seconds. (optional one second update)

Filter: 47mm PTFE (hydrophobe)

Value:  Given via Key as mean value of mass and sampled air volume

Darity Post LED and PC correction via the key C-Factor

Holder Integrated easy accessible flat filter holder

The classic 1.174 Windows version as 16 bit software for all the 1.100 units,allowing data presentation of

• Inhalable, Thoracic and Alveolic (respirable) values

• Or as Particle count distribution in 8 (or 15) channels

• Or as Dust Mass distribution in 8 (or15) channels

• Instrument's status data

• Climatic sensor results

All data are selectivly displayed in numeric and graphic mode. All data can be exported in ASCII code.

The new 1.177 Windows version is in 32 bit format and works for GRIMM 1.100 instrument (versions E and upward).

All the functions are similar, but have been enhanced by speed, better graphic presentation and are therefore more powerful.

for 1.100 instruments (in addition to the data above)

• Measurement mode Continuous

• Results Displayed in 0.1 minutes or 1 minute (1second option)

•Air Flow ±5% stability, independent of dust load on filter, automatically controlled

• Clean Air Additional sheath air of 0.4 l/minute.

• Resolution ± 5% of reading

• Mass Reproducibility In R 2 up to 0.95

• Count Reproducibility ±3% at max. range

• Size calibration With certified NBS Latex

• Mass calibration With polydisperse Dolomit dust

• Operating temp. +5 to 45°C degrees (35° - 110°F)

• Storage temp. -20 degrees to 60°C (4°-140°F)

•Internal Memory 80 Kb

• Data storage card From 512 Kb to 64 Mb

• Power supply 110 or 220 VAC, 50 or 60 Hz

• Lead battery Removable, rechargeable, for 7-8h of operation

• Serial port RS-232

• Return air Sample port with value

•Weight 2.5 kg (5.5 pounds), with battery

• Size 24x12x6 cm (9.5x5x5’’)